He is depicted on the mural as holding the wand of Mercury the bringer of good luck and patron god of business men and being led into Rome by Minerva the goddess of wisdom.
This is a picture with two meanings - one is that Wisdom and good luck helped Trimalchio to become rich but often Mercury is the god who leads people to the underworld and this could be another example of Trimalchios obsession with the afterlife. This picture is followed by others showing how Trimalchio became an accountant and then a steward. At the end of the colonnade, Mercury is seen hauling him up to a platform by the chin and here he is depicted with the goddess of fortune and the 3 fates spinning their threads.
Again, the final image is double edged, Trimalchio may have been dragged up to the platform of plenty but Mercury drags him by the chin as if he has died and on the platform are the fates - reminding him that all fortune is fleeting, again it shows that Trimalchio is obsessed with death.
The colonnade of Trimalchios house has become a training ground where runners practise with their trainer. In one corner of the colonnade there is a cabinet with the statues of the household gods displayed in silver in most Roman houses they would be made of clay. In the same cabinet , kept in a golden casket, is Trimalchios first beard. When a Roman boy reached manhood he had his beard shaved off and donned the toga virilis. The point is here that Trimalchio has put his beard in a casket that is made of more precious metal than the household gods.
This has also been seen as a criticism of Nero who was said to have dedicated his own beard very publicly to Capitoline Jupiter!
Encolpius enquires of the porter about the pictures in the colonnade of Trimalchios house. He is told that they are pictures of "The Iliad, The Odyssey and a gladiatorial show given by Leanas" Trimalchio pretends to be educated but can't tell the difference between the high brow forms of entertainment - the Homeric poems and the lowbrow forms of entertainment , the gladiatorial shows!
In this fragment we learn that Trimalchio likes to show off his riches in the murals on the walls of his house and in his furniture. Some of these murals are about Trimalchio thus showing his ego! He likes to think of himself as on a par with the gods, having his first beard displayed better than the household gods.
He also has little education , not knowing the difference between Homer and a gladiator! Encolpius seems to have no time to look at the murals in the colonnade - note that time seems to pass quickly in Trimalchios house. He may have riches today but soon they will be gone. They reach the dining room and as if to show off Trimalchios riches, a treasurer sits and goes over Trimalchios accounts in the dining room!
Attached to the door posts there are rods and axes tapering off to look like the beak of a ship. In ancient Rome, a consul would have attendants that went in front of him carrying rods and axes symbolic of the consuls power of life and death over a citizen of Rome.
A victorious general would often be presented with the prow of his ship after a successful naval battle. Here again Trimalchio perverts the customs associated with the consuls and victorious general - the rods and axes are made to look like the beak of a ship! This is inscribed, declaring C. Pompeius Trimalchio to be a priest of the Augustan college. Pompeius is the name of a victorious Roman general in C1 B.
Pompey - Trimalchio may have renamed himself to style himself like Pompey. Membership of the Augustan college was the highest honour that a freedman ex slave could gain - it meant that he was one of six priests in the local area in charge of ensuring that the emperor was properly worshipped.
On one of the door posts there is a sign that states that on 30 and 31 December "Our Gaius " is out to dinner. Clearly, it is such a rare occasion for Trimalchio to go out that the servants have to remind themselves , normally Trimalchio is in the house entertaining guests himself because he is so wealthy.
The servants are clearly over familiar with him though, referring to him as "Our Gaius"! On the opposite door post is a representation of the moons phases and the seven heavenly bodies.
Trimalchio will later prove to be very interested in horoscopes. Again we see how superstitious he is, the lucky and unlucky days of the month are marked with coloured studs.
One of the slaves insists that the guests step over the threshold right foot first. Just as they attempt to step over the threshold , a slave throws himself at their feet begging the guests to get him off a flogging because the stewards clothes had been stolen from him at the baths.
Encolpius goes to find the steward to plead with him about to slave and finds him counting money in the office. Encolpius is informed that the slave lost his rich dinner clothes - they were made of the most expensive material in the ancient world, Tyrian purple. The steward decides to let the slave off the flogging since the clothes are now useless to the steward - they were laundered once! In this fragment we learn more about Trimalchio through his servants.
He is an important man about town who likes to think himself as important as a consul or general. However, his servants are over familiar with him , calling him "Our Gaius".
Even his servants are rich and extravagant like him - the steward lets the slave off a flogging because the stolen clothes had been laundered once! Encolpius is greeted in the dining room by the same slave that he had just saved from a flogging and he is promised the best wine.
Trimalchios slave clearly thinks that it is his wine to give away as he chooses! The table is arranged as follows ,:. There is also a separate table upon which sit freedmen. The servants that Trimalchio has also show how wealthy he is , he has boys from Alexandria and they pour ice water over his guests hands. Slaves from Alexandria Egypt were expensive ,some slaves go around the tables and cut the nails of the guests another superstition? As Trimalchios slaves work, they sing and Encolpius describes it as being like a musical comedy!
The hors d'oeuvres are served. The first course comes on the back of a Corinthian bronze donkey - white olives and black olives are served in equal amounts in panniers on the side of the bronze donkey. Over the ass stand two pieces of plate with Trimalchios name and the weight of silver inscribed on it.
He also has served dormice sprinkled with honey and poppy seed and steaming sausages on a silver gridiron with damsons and pomegranate seeds underneath. As well as deliberately having marked on his plates exactly how much silver they are made out of , thus showing off to his guests, the food also shows us something of Trimalchios character. White olives are matched by black olives on the back of the bronze donkey , almost as if he is balancing forces of good and evil or good and bad luck in his house hold.
The dormice and sausages on a grill pan above damson and pomegranate seeds would give the affect of coals and fire under a grill. The food is made up to look as if it something else! Trimalchio looks like a rich noble man but is in fact an ex slave, a freedman. We learn from this fragment that Trimalchios slaves and food are also an extension of his personality. The slaves remove hang nails from his guests feet so that they won't be left behind and thus bring bad luck into the house.
The food looks like one thing but is another! Trimalchio enters the dining room to the sound of music and sits down on cushions. The guests laugh at him because his bald and closely cropped head sticks out from beneath his scarlet coat. Slaves had a close cropped hairstyle and he wears his hairstyle with pride in the midst of his wealth.
He wears a military style red tunic and is muffled up even though it's not winter as if he's afraid of catching cold. His napkin has a broad purple stripe on it and senators often wore broad purple stripes on their tunic. On his hand he wears a gilt ring and a smaller ring on the last joint of the next finger which is gold studded with iron stars.
The rich knight classes of Rome the equites wore golden rings on their finger which is where Trimalchio wears his gilt ring to show their status. Trimalchio wears a gold ring but it is studded with iron and on the wrong finger - this ring looks like a knights ring from afar but isn't. This is another example of Trimalchio looking as if he belongs to the loaded upper classes but in fact he is from the lowest class of all - he is an ex slave.
He wears rich jewellery , a golden armlet and an ivory circlet fastened with a gleaming metal plate. Ivory circlets fastened with metal plates were very popular with gladiators. He even picks his teeth at the table - with a silver toothpick of course!
He is so ill mannered towards his guests that he plays a game at the table. He claims to have been magnanimous towards his guests, gracing them with his presence so that they can start to eat whereas in fact he is rude , continuing his game.
He really has no idea of good manners at all but pretends that he does. Trimalchio has a boy bring in his game for him. The game described here is probably duodecim scripta twelve lines.
This was a game which required a board tabula divided into 24 squares and 15 counters and sometimes 3 dice for each player. The players moved their counters in succession according to the throw of the dice. Trimalchio plays a common game but his board is made of terebinth wood, his dice of crystal and for counters he uses gold and silver coins! While Trimalchio plays his game and ignores his guests, the slaves bring out a live hen and as the orchestra plays a tune, two slaves search in the straw for eggs.
It is not normal hens eggs that are found but pea hens eggs - this is another example of food looking like one thing and being another. Trimalchio informs his guests that the eggs may already be trying to hatch , it is a poor host that points out that his food may in fact be undercooked and therefore poison!
In fact the eggs turn out to be covered in pastry. Encolpius finds that his egg in fact does have a half formed chicken in it and nearly throws it away until another guest proclaims that this in fact is the point of the dish and eats the figpecker inside young bird and Encolpius follows suit.
Encolpius here shows his own ignorance of food or possibly even Trimalchios! Trimalchio finally bores of the game and starts eating with his guests. The guests, however , are forced to wait until Trimalchio has caught up with the courses that they have already eaten before they move onto the next course.
It appears that the guests have been drinking mead with their food, not wine a cheap drink for commoners and Trimalchio seems to ration it, even giving permission for the guests to have another glass. Once Trimalchio has caught up with his guests ,the hors d'oeuvres are carried off to a crash of music from the orchestra. When a slave drops a side dish and tries to clean it up, Trimalchio has his ears boxed while the other diners are watching.
It appears that he had his ears boxed because he tried to clean it up , a cleaner sweeps the silver plate up away with the food and has it all put in the bin! Ethiopian slaves the most expensive slave you could buy pour wine over the guests hands between one course and another. Normally water would be used but this is another example of Trimalchio showing off his wealth. The Ethiopian slaves look like men carrying bags of sand to cover the amphitheatre floor - the feast is even viewed by Trimalchio as a fight between his guests for greater status?
Slaves bring in the Falernian wine. It appears to have been made in the year when Opimius was consul i. In fact Falernian wines were best after 20 years and a contemporary of Petronius, Pliny the elder records that he once had Opimian wine and it was undrinkable by then! Either Trimalchio is trying to show off by the vintage of his wine but Petronius' readers would know it was undrinkable, or this shows how absurd Trimalchio is - his wine can't possibly be that old!
This is rude! In the middle of the meal, a slave brings in a silver skeleton in during the dinner. The purpose of such skeletons in Roman dining rooms appears to have been to remind the diners that they may eat and drink today but tomorrow they will die. The skeleton appears frequently as a motif in Roman dining rooms but Trimalchio has to go one better and have it made of silver.
It also reflects his superstitious nature. As the skeleton is brought in, Trimalchio sings a song to remind the diners that they will not live long so they may as well eat and enjoy themselves now.
It is rude and vulgar to sing and especially embarrassing when the host sings at the dining room table! The next course is not as grand as Encolpius expects but it is novel. Trimalchio has a course made that represent the 12 signs of the Zodiac, again showing his superstitious nature. Over each sign of the zodiac is food that is connected with the subject of the sign of the zodiac. Ares the ram - chickpeas the ram is a sign of virility and chickpeas represent the penis in satire. Taurus the bull - a beefsteak.
Beef is from cattle and the bull represents strength. Gemini The heavenly twins - Testicles and kidneys since they come in pairs! Cancer the Crab- a garland which looks like pincers but we also learn later fragment 39 that the is Trimalchios sign and by putting a garland over his sign he is honouring it. Leo the Lion - an African fig since lions were from Africa. Virgo the Virgin - a young sows udder , symbol of innocence.
Libra the scales - A pair of balance pans with a different dessert in each! Scorpio - a sea scorpion. Sagittarius the archer - a sea bream with eyespots, you need a good eye to practise archery. Capricorn- a lobster. Aquarius the water carrier - a goose i. Pisces the fish - two mullets fish! In the middle of the dish is a piece of grass and on the grass a honey comb. We are told by Trimalchio himself that this represents mother earth fragment 39 who is round like a grassy knoll or an egg and has good things inside her like a honey comb.
An Egyptian slave offers them bread from an ornate miniature oven made of silver and while he does so, sings a song from a popular musical , "The Asafoetida man". Encolpius regards this as "inferior fare" and as they eat Trimalchio has dancers dance around to reveal underneath the dish plump fowls, sows udders and a hare fixed with wings to make him look like the figure of Pegasus from mythology.
Figures of Marsyas who ,in mythology , lost a musical contest with Apollo and for challenging the god was flayed alive. Out of these figures of Marsyas comes fish sauce. It is important to note that again this is food dressed up to look like it is something it is not! Trimalchio calls on his servant "Carver" to Carve the meat. The pun is obvious but the point is that Trimalchio thinks this weak pun is hilarious. He carves in time to the music and is described as being like a charioteer slicing up the victuals intestines So far this has been a very noisy feast!
In the argument about what precisely the purpose of the "Dinner with Trimalchio" is about much has been written about the character of Encolpius and his reactions to Trimalchio.
There are three main interpretations of "The Dinner with Trimalchio", the first is that Petronius is a moralist and by highlighting the rudeness of Trimalchio he is trying to make a moral point. The second interpretation of the "Dinner with Trimalchio " is that Petronius is trying to make fun of freedmen and their lack of social manners. The third interpretation is that Petronius is simply trying to be funny and that there is no real "point" to the "Dinner with Trimalchio" at all!
In fragment 37 we can see how the same fragment may be interpreted in these 3 ways. At the beginning of the passage Encolpius states that he can't face any more food. Has he simply eaten too much? Has he been sickened by the freedman's weak jokes and pretentiousness of the previous passage , as a noble man jealous of Trimalchios wealth? Encolpius now asks about Trimalchios wife and learns about her from an unnamed guest.
He is told that far from being a high born noble woman, Trimalchio has married a woman who was so low born that no one would have eaten bread from her hand. She only appears interested in Trimalchio for his money and he dotes on her. He appears to have renamed her "Fortunata" for good luck! Even his wife hasn't escaped his superstitious nature!
Fortunata is rude to her guests - and will show them exactly what she thinks of them if she doesn't like them. We are told that Trimalchio is worth "millions of millions" and it appears to be her that is in charge of it. Even Trimalchios steward the person in charge of his estates is worth more silver plate than anyone else.
He has so many servants that some of them don't even know him! Trimalchio clearly own estates all over the world because he has "home grown" i. He can even get hens milk if the guests ask for it an absurd joke since hens don't produce milk! He often experiments to produce better quality wool - using expensive rams from Tarentum and mating them with common sheep.
He mixes Athenian they produced the best sort of honey and the most expensive bees with his own to produce better honey. He is able to send to India for mushroom spores so vats are his estates. Maybe these examples are meant as a metaphor for the type of intermarriage that was happening between the upper classes and the freedmen in Petronius' day.
Of course, by mixing the best animals with more inferior animals you do not produce better products but taint the best products.
The point is that Trimalchio has no idea what the "best" is , he simply has so much money he doesn't know what to do with it. The guest now turns to the other freedmen at the table and the reader is told that all the freedmen present have lots of money , even the lowest at Trimalchios table appears to be worth more than a Roman knight eques - he has , sesterces but to qualify for the Roman knight class you only needed ,!
The freedman appears to have made money by doing the types of jobs that no one else wanted, or the upper classes weren't prepared to do, here he has made his money "humping wood" The guest claims that the freedman , Diagnose "stole a hobgoblins cap" either a reference to having lots of luck in business or a reference to stealing the business off a more noble citizen!
The speaker is quick to point out that the freedman can still feel "a masters slap". Often slaves bought their freedom and then worked voluntarily for the same master! Note here that the freedman's name is Diagnose - the name of a Greek philosopher! He appears to be a shop keeper who has made enough money to own his own house. Encolpius is now told about Priceless, the guest in the freedman's place see diagram Once Priceless owned a million sesterces but lost his fortune to other freedmen!
He appears to have made his fortune as an undertaker and also gave dinners as good as Trimalchios. Following the description of the guests at the dinner, Trimalchio now calls ion his guests to enjoy the wine. Trimalchio now tries to impress his guests by saying that he may have just served a fish dish but he is not content with that - he must also drink like a fish!
He quotes from "The Aeneid " by Virgil to show that drinking is his thing - "Is this like the Ulysses you know? He claims that quoting Virgil makes him cultured and that for Trimalchio to be cultured is what his long dead master wanted for him! As befits his superstitious nature he now goes on to describe the type of people born under various star signs -.
Ares the ram - People born under this sign are stubborn and hard headed but good business men as well. Scholars and muttonheads! Taurus the bull- Bull-headed people are born under this sign and those who are self sufficient.
The heavenly twins Gemini - Twins are born under this sign, as well as bi sexuals! Cancer the Crab- Trimalchios sign People born under this sign have many legs to stand on i. We learn that the reason that Cancer had a garland put over him in fragment 35 is because Trimalchio was honouring his own birth sign.
Leo the lion - People born under this sign are greedy and bossy like a lion. Virgo the Virgin - people born under this sign are runaways and candidates for the chain gang since the virgin is Astraea who fled the earth after the golden age and became a constellation - she is often associated with a knot in astrology hence the association with the chain gang here.
Libra the scales - Butchers and perfume sellers who used scales to weigh the spices in perfume and anyone who weighs things up are born under this sign. Sagittarius - Cross eyed people since Sagittarius looks backwards. Capricorn - People in trouble who sprout horns in their worry!
Aquarius the water carrier- Bartenders and Jug heads! Pisces- people who spout rubbish in public associated with fish! Encolpius and the guests reaction to this is to applaud him - either because they genuinely think him clever or enjoy him making such a fool of himself by pretending he's clever. The guests raise their hands and swear that Hipparchus and Aratus couldn't compare with Trimalchio - both are authors of astronomical poems.
There could there be a double edged criticism here as a different Hipparchus was also a tyrant of Athens - they have been tyrannised by Trimalchios pretended knowledge of the stars!
Just before the next dish is brought in , the servants put covers tapestries on the guests couches that show a hunt. The guests are stunned - either because they don't know what's coming next or because they can't believe Trimalchio has been so rude asking them to drink a lot and then to move off their couches so that they can be covered in tapestries so that he can show off the next course!
The silence is broken by hunting dogs Spartan hounds being let into the dining room. They dash round the legs of the couches and the table to eat the scraps left by the guests of course! This has all been a prelude to the next course when Trimalchios guests are served a boar that is wearing a freedman's cap a sign that a slave was now a freedman The boar is surrounded by Syrian and Theban dates from the middle east and the piglets that appear top be suckling around it are actually made of cake - again an example of the food looking like one thing but being another.
Encolpius tells the reader that the cake piglets will be given as gifts for the guests to take home. Carver the carver returns to carve the boar , dressed for the occasion in hunting gear and when he actually cuts into the meat with a hunting knife a flock of real thrushes fly out from the belly!
These thrushes fly around the dining room but are in fact caught by fowlers.! Trimalchio then orders his guests to eat the "acorns" that accompany the boar i. The household of Trimalchio has always been noisy with singing servants to remove the guests hand nails and the orchestra accompanying the carving and every new course.
In this fragment Petronius takes this to extremes with hunting dogs being brought in and thrushes being caught by fowlers before the guests take the next course, spectacular it may be but it is hardly calculated to aid digestion! Encolpius now enquires as to why the boar has been brought to the table wearing a freedman's cap. He is told that yesterdays diners couldn't eat it and had to let it go and so now it returns as a freedman.
This shows Trimalchios vulgarity - not only serving leftovers to his guest but even drawing it to their attention in such an obvious way! Ironically , Encolpius damns his own stupidity rather than Trimalchios for not realising why the boar wore a freedman's cap - he is afraid that he will look as if he had never dined in decent company but of course this is ironic, he is not dining in decent company at all and probably knows it!
As they prepare to eat the boar a boy dances around the table wearing vine leaves and ivy around his head, symbols of Bacchus the god of wine. Normally dancing would take place after a Roman meal but here it is included as part of it.
Bacchus is praised as deliverer i. He sings a song that was originally written by Trimalchio ,clearly another ploy of Trimalchios to try to show how clever he is! Trimalchio asks Dionysis , the name of the slave boy and another name for Bacchus , to be "Bacchus the liberant" and the freedman's cap is removed by the slave form the boars head.
The pun here is on "liberant" ,the god of wine frees men from inhibitions and here the slave "frees" the boar by removing the freedman's cap. Trimalchio claims that it is he who is liberated i. He excuses himself to go to the toilet - possibly another sign of his vulgarity.
Once Trimalchio leaves his guests they are much freer. Dama ,a freedman on a table separate to Trimalchios his name means "deer" calls for more wine. There have been references to the fact that Trimalchio acts like a tyrant towards his guests before and possibly that they think he is stingy with his food and wine! Once Trimalchio leaves them they are free to do what they want and to eat what they want.
Dama makes small talk about the weather and boasts that he is drinking the wine neat. Most Roman wines had to be watered down to make them drinkable , Trimalchio is not being stingy by watering down the wine.
Seleucus now continues the conversation , this is possibly another freedman of Trimalchios and foreign since there was once a king of Asia called Seleucus. He is clearly a hypochondriac. He claims that he hates having a bath but can just about bear it when he's had something to drink! He says that he couldn't bathe anyway since this would be a sign of disrespect to Chrysanthus whose funeral he had been at that day.
Seleucus clearly has the same preoccupation with death that Trimalchio has - he talks about meeting Chrysanthus in the street recently and how human beings are like bubbles always close to death! Ironically he claims that Chrysanthus had been on a diet for the last 5 days of his life - in which he didn't eat or drink anything! She sold her jewelry and all her dresses, and gave me a hundred gold piecesthat's what my fortune grew from. What the gods ordain happens quickly. For on just one voyage I scooped in 10,, sesterces and immediately started to redeem all the lands that used to be my master's.
I built a house, bought some cattle to sell againwhatever I laid my hand to grew like a honeycomb. When I found myself richer than all the country round about was worth, in less than no time I gave up trading, and commenced lending money at interest to the freedmen. Upon my word, I was very near giving up business altogether, only an astrologer, who happened to come into our colony, dissuaded me. If I'm so lucky as to be able to join my domains to Apulia, I'll say I've got on pretty well.
Meanwhile under Mercury's' fostering, I've built this house. Just a hut once, you knownow a regular temple! It has four dining rooms, twenty bedrooms, two marble porticoes, a set of cells upstairs, my own bedroom, a sitting room for this viper my wife!
There are a lot of other things too that I'll show you by and by. Take my word for it, if you have a penny you're worth a penny, you are valued for just what you have. Yesterday your friend was a frog, he's a king todaythat's the way it goes. So the watchmen, who had charge of the district, thinking Trimalchio's house on fire, burst in the door, and surged inas was their rightwith axes and water ready. Taking advantage of such an opportune moment.
From: William Stearns Davis, ed. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, , Vol. II: Rome and the West , pp. Scanned by: J. Arkenberg, Dept. State Fullerton. Arkenberg has modernized the text. This text is part of the Internet Ancient History Sourcebook. The Sourcebook is a collection of public domain and copy-permitted texts related to medieval and Byzantine history. This appears to be how Encolpius, Ascyltos and Giton come to be invited to accompany Agamemnon to a dinner hosted by the wealthiest man in Campania: Gaius Pompeius Trimalchio.
Bald, fat, wearing a scarlet robe and weighed down with jewellery, Trimalchio is the perfect vulgarian host: he picks his teeth with a silver quill, makes public use of a piss-pot, treats his guests to a commentary on the state of his bowels and eulogizes the medicinal benefits of farting. A devout voluptuary, his dissolute lifestyle is believed to be based on that of Nero the emperor at the time.
However, Trimalchio is a self-made man, a former slave who earned his millions in the shipping trade and effortlessly lives up to the stereotype of nouveau-riche boorishness. He boasts about buying Sicily so he can sail to North Africa along his own coasts. He orders that a silver dish dropped during the banquet should be swept away with the rubbish. He keeps a water clock and a liveried trumpeter in his dining room to remind him of the passing of time, which serves as a way to justify his decadent and ostentatious lifestyle.
She refinanced his business by selling her jewellery when his first shipment of wine sank. These days she is a respectable lady, though apparently she has lost none of her skills at performing the cordax a sort of Roman pole-dance. Actually just to dance at all was deemed improper in Roman times. A man cannot dance unless he is drunk or insane. About sixteen people are invited. Most of them are drawn from the ranks of the local professional class and several, like their host, are ex-slaves made good.
The rhetorician Agamemnon and his pupils are in attendance, plus Phileros, a lawyer and ex-travelling salesman ; Habinnas, a stonemason; Echion, who works in the rag trade; Proculus, an undertaker; and Diogenes, another self-made businessman. Roman etiquette did not permit unaccompanied women to attend dinner parties, so the only females present are Fortunata and Scintilla the wife of Habinnas. The superstitious Trimalchio insists that his guests enter the dining room with their right foot first to bring good luck , after which their hands are washed in snow-chilled water later in wine and their toenails trimmed by attentive Alexandrian slave boys.
To illustrate his superior status Trimalchio has his hands washed in perfume. Petronius tells us a lot about what the guests said and ate, but little about what they wore. We can assume that the dress code was togas, setting the precedent for a lot of modern-day campus parties. The host and hostess share a fondness for ostentatious jewellery.
Despite it being a relatively modest gathering Trimalchio hints that he hosted a grander party the night before the catering is sufficient to feed a small army. Twelve punishing courses are presented on a dinner service made out of silver and Corinthian bronze. First course — A bronze donkey bearing a double pannier of olives flanked by a gridiron of sausages, damsons and dormice coated with poppy seeds and honey.
Fourth course — Whole wild boar accompanied by pastry suckling piglets and filled with live thrushes.
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