Inmate management: What they don't teach you in the academy eBook. How empathy and kindness aid safety and self-preservation in corrections. The "smooth shift": The dream of every correctional officer. Cell shakedowns: How to handle strategic threat group contraband. Worth every minute: 3 daily stress-relief habits. Topics Riots and Crowd Control. Email Print. The Question The Question. About the author "The Question" section brings together user-generated articles from our Facebook page based on questions we pose to our followers, as well as some of the best content we find on Quora, a question-and-answer website created, edited and organized by its community of users who are often experts in their field.
The site aggregates questions and answers for a range of topics, including public safety. The questions and answers featured here on C1 are posted directly from Quora, and the views and opinions expressed do not necessarily reflect those of C1. Tags Corrections Riots and Crowd Control. Sheriff: 12 inmates now charged in South Carolina jail riot. What causes a prison riot?
Most were shot in the initial indiscriminate barrage of gunfire, but other prisoners were shot or killed after they surrendered. An emergency medical technician recalled seeing a wounded prisoner, lying on the ground, shot several times in the head by a state trooper. Another prisoner was shot seven times and then ordered to crawl along the ground.
Many others were savagely beaten. In the aftermath of the bloody raid, authorities said the inmates had killed the slain hostages by slitting their throats. One hostage was said to have been castrated. However, autopsies showed that these charges were false and that all 10 hostages had been shot to death by police. The attempted cover-up increased public condemnation of the raid and prompted a Congressional investigation. The Attica uprising was the worst prison riot in U. A total of 43 people were killed, including the 39 killed in the raid, guard William Quinn, and three inmates killed by other prisoners early in the riot.
In the week after its conclusion, police engaged in brutal reprisals against the prisoners, forcing them to run a gauntlet of nightsticks and crawl naked across broken glass, among other tortures. The many injured inmates received substandard medical treatment, if any. It took 18 years before the suit came to trial, and five more years to reach the damages phase, delays that were the fault of a lower-court judge opposed to the case. Families of the slain correction officers lost their right to sue by accepting the modest death-benefit checks sent to them by the state.
The hostages who survived likewise lost their right to sue by cashing their paychecks. Both groups attest that no state officials apprised them of their legal rights, and they were denied compensation that New York should have paid to them.
During my 30 years in law enforcement I have led emergency response teams to quell over large inmate disturbances what many would call riots in several very large, violent jails. I have taught other supervisors and line personnel how to handle such riots, and I have lectured on this topic in other states. And, even though I have retired, I am still involved with jail and prison issues by working with the Dr.
Prison www. Prison counsels individuals who are going to be incarcerated for the first time how to survive by learning the rules of jail or prison. For once I would like to see the media report the full story about why jail and prison riots occur.
To be fair, I do not know the actual cause of these two riots; however, based on my experience I can tell you what may have really happened and why. Of course overcrowding adds to the problem. It adds to the stress the inmates feel. It means fewer inmates can get the proper health care they need, and there are fewer opportunities for the inmates to attend school, etc. Overcrowding places heavy burdens on the staff as well. It is a serious matter.
But there is so much more going on in a riot. This is what I can tell you about jail and prison riots based on my training, knowledge, and experience. Please note that I do not differentiate between jail and prison, as it is not necessary.
Whenever you place criminals together in jail, they are going to fight each other at some point. For the most part, people in jail are mean, ugly, violent people who have very little regard for others -- not all of them, but most of them.
After the exercise ended, I asked a member of the entry team what would have happened if they had used live gas. Some of the exercises he had seen at the event, he said, approached military standards of discipline, order, and efficiency. But some did not. Leung told me about a riot scenario in the dining hall that he had just watched, similar to the one I had seen the day before. Instead of entering the room through one door, though, this team had split into two. The rioters, facing one direction, had immediately rushed the first group.
The second group, upon entering, saw its teammates being attacked and began blasting inert rounds into the melee. As we chatted, Leung and I soaked up the sun in the South Yard, along with most everyone at the prison. We were all waiting for the final act of a two-part scenario that had begun indoors and would culminate in the helicopter evacuation of an injured officer. The previous night, it seemed, had been a late one, and this officer, a puffy-faced man with adventurous sideburns, had only just made it to the prison.
A helicopter chuffed in from the south and landed. CERT officers from several federal prisons rushed across the yard to the helicopter, carrying the man playing the injured officer on a stretcher. As they loaded him on board, a corrections officer from another team wandered over to our group, smirking and bearing his smartphone aloft.
He pressed the play button, and we watched his just-shot video of the helicopter descending. A crude rendering of a rocket flew in from the left side of the screen and exploded on top of the aircraft.
Everyone laughed. He had a video app, he explained, for shooting rockets at things. If there was a rock star at the event, he was it. Formerly a soldier and a steelworker, Kingston became a corrections officer in Initially he had been drawn to the work simply for the money, but after a raft of Pennsylvania prison riots in at Rockview, Huntington, and, most famously, Camp Hill , he got serious about it.
Cell extractions, he explained, were as dangerous as they were common. Inmates experience them as violations and react accordingly. CERT officers carrying out an extraction are trained to form a line, typically made up of five people, outside the cell, and then to enter one by one, behind a single riot shield.
The next step involves pulling the inmate to the ground, where, if necessary and possible, they can restrain him under the shield. Today, for legal reasons, almost all cell extractions are filmed. The Snake is powerful, but possible to evade by moving from side to side.
Many prisoners, when they know an extraction team is coming, pour shampoo onto the floor. Some use their own urine and feces. Unsurprisingly, extractions can be harrowing for officers, who may not know whether an inmate is infected with HIV or has weapons inside the cell. Kingston drilled his trainees on the importance of not harming the inmate. The force of several officers piled on top of a riot shield on top of an inmate can cause asphyxia, and Kingston reminded his students again and again to check for the signs: wheezing, the inability to speak, blue and purple skin.
Charles Toll died this way, under an electrified riot shield. At the start of the workshop, Kingston asked how many of the officers had been spit on or urinated on or struck with feces by an inmate. Half the attendees raised their hands. Kingston was acknowledging one of the profound indignities that is a part of life for those involved in corrections work: the need to suffer through the verbal and physical aggression of prisoners and do nothing in response. Not surprisingly, when violent actions, among them cell extractions, are officially sanctioned, they can come to be seen as a rare opportunity for payback.
How did these enormous men, stressed and disrespected, manage to harness their aggression so they could incapacitate truly violent people without harming them? N ine months before the Moundsville event began, two inmates at Northern Correctional Facility, one of the West Virginia prisons that took inmates from Moundsville when it closed, broke the locking system in their cells and took a senior officer hostage.
The inmates were young and did not make any demands, which was unnerving: they were unpredictable. The disturbance began at 11 p. By midnight, the regional CERT commander had arrived at the prison and was consulting with the warden. They quickly decided to send in five men to apprehend the prisoners and rescue the hostage.
One inmate began to flee across a mezzanine, at which point a young officer named Chad Richmond shot at him from 60 feet away with a millimeter hardened-plastic round, bringing him down. The team then entered the cellblock and easily captured the other inmate, who was hiding behind a makeshift barricade. It was the perfect CERT operation: a swift, professional response to an unfolding crisis that ended safely for everybody involved, including the hostage.
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